| Volume 26, Issue 3 | |
| Physiological Responses of the Roots of 16 Camellia Oleifera Varieties to Aluminum Stress and Screening of Aluminum-tolerant Genotypes | 213-224 |
| Liyuan Huang, Jie Liu | |
| doi: 10.7546/ijba.2022.26.3.000885 | |
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| Liyuan Huang, Jie Liu (2022) Physiological Responses of the Roots of 16 Camellia Oleifera Varieties to Aluminum Stress and Screening of Aluminum-tolerant Genotypes, Int J Bioautomation, 26 (3), 213-224, doi: 10.7546/ijba.2022.26.3.000885 | |
| Abstract: Targeting 16 varieties of Camellia oleifera planted in different regions, this paper explores the influence of aluminum (Al) stress over several physiological indices, namely, root activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, proline content, and soluble sugar content and evaluates the overall Al tolerance of each variety. The purpose is to identify the difference between different C. Oleifera varieties in physiological indices under Al stress, and to screen the varieties with relatively strong Al tolerance. The results show that: Al stress lowered the root activity and SOD activity, while enhancing MDA content, H2O2 content, proline content, soluble sugar content, and Al content. But the physiological indices of different C. Oleifera varieties changed by vastly different amplitudes under Al stress. The variation amplitudes of root activity, MDA content, SOD activity, H2O2 content, proline content, soluble sugar content, and Al content were -47.06%~42.86%, 12.50%~133.33%, -8.33%%~26.28%, 11.11%~71.88%, 76.47%~420.00%, 4.97%~56.41%, and 23.43%~101.12%, respectively. Furthermore, the Al tolerance coefficients of the 16 C. Oleifera varieties were analyzed comprehensively by membership functions. The results show that C. Oleifera ‘Huajin’, C. Oleifera ‘Huashuo’, and C. Oleifera ‘Huaxin’ have relatively strong Al tolerance, while C. Oleifera ‘Ganyou No.2’, C. Oleifera ‘Ganxing No.48’, and C. Oleifera ‘Ganzhou No.70’ have relatively weak Al tolerance. Keywords: Camellia Oleifera, Aluminum stress, Physiological response, Al tolerance screening | |
| Fabrication and Biocompatibility of Layer-by-layer Assembled Composite Graphene Oxide-polysaccharide Microcapsules | 225-240 |
| Svetozar Stoichev, Avgustina Danailova, Ivan Iliev, Inna Sulikovska, Velichka Strijkova, Kirilka Mladenova, Tonya Andreeva | |
| doi: 10.7546/ijba.2022.26.3.000843 | |
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| Svetozar Stoichev, Avgustina Danailova, Ivan Iliev, Inna Sulikovska, Velichka Strijkova, Kirilka Mladenova, Tonya Andreeva (2022) Fabrication and Biocompatibility of Layer-by-layer Assembled Composite Graphene Oxide-polysaccharide Microcapsules, Int J Bioautomation, 26 (3), 225-240, doi: 10.7546/ijba.2022.26.3.000843 | |
| Abstract: The present study is focused on the construction and characterization of the morphology and biocompatibility of polysaccharide multilayered microcapsules (PMC) composed of natural polyelectrolytes (chitosan/alginate/hyaluronic acid), and on the effect of graphene oxide (GO) incorporation in the polymer matrix. The insertion of GO in the polymer matrix is an innovative and still evolving strategy used to modify the properties of the polyelectrolyte microcapsules. We have fabricated a number of hybrid GO-polysaccharide multilayered capsules by layer-by-layer assembling technique onto a CaCOH3 core, followed by core decomposition in mild conditions. Hybrid microcapsules with different composition were constructed by varying the number or localization of the incorporated GO-layers. It was found that the thickness of the hybrid microcapsules, evaluated by atomic force microscopy, decreases after incorporation of GO nanosheets in the polymer matrix. Analysis of the viability and proliferation of fibroblasts after incubation with hybrid PMC revealed pronounced concentration-dependent cytotoxic and antiproliferative effect. Based on the results, we can conclude that the hybrid multilayered microcapsules made of natural polysaccharides and graphene oxide could be used for biomedical applications.
Keywords: Graphene oxide, Polysaccharide microcapsules, Cytotoxicity, Antiproliferative activity | |
| Distribution of Aluminium in the Water Supply System of Sofia City, Bulgaria | 241-254 |
| Irina Angelova, Galina Yotova, Veronika Mihaylova, Tony Venelinov | |
| doi: 10.7546/ijba.2022.26.3.000833 | |
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| Irina Angelova, Galina Yotova, Veronika Mihaylova, Tony Venelinov (2022) Distribution of Aluminium in the Water Supply System of Sofia City, Bulgaria, Int J Bioautomation, 26 (3), 241-254, doi: 10.7546/ijba.2022.26.3.000833 | |
| Abstract: Elevated concentrations of aluminium have been found at the outlets of the Drinking Water Treatment Plants (DWTPs) of Sofia city, Bulgaria and in separate sampling points in the water supply network. Cluster analysis is performed for multivariate data interpretation of the distribution of aluminium (Al) concentrations during 2019 at 19 water sampling points (2 DWTPs outlets and 17 points within the city water supply system). Although the concentration of aluminium in the outlet of the treatment plants differ significantly, both of them fall into the same cluster, as the concentrations during the year change in the same manner. The formed cluster of both the treatment plants and most of the studied sampling points indicate the mixed origin of the purified water and proves that the concentration of Al in tap water is dominated by the qualities and quantities from the different sources of the supplied water, rather than by the secondary processes in the network for areas with predominant steel and polyethylene pipes. A distinct exception are the areas with old asbestos cement pipelines where potential release of the metal from the cement affects the Al distribution in the water supply system.
Keywords: Aluminium, Drinking water, Distribution, Drinking Water Treatment Plants (DWTPs), Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), Cluster analysis | |
| Estimation of Parameters for an Archetypal Model of Cardiomyocyte Membrane Potentials | 255-272 |
| Muhamad H. N. Aziz, Radostin D. Simitev | |
| doi: 10.7546/ijba.2022.26.3.000832 | |
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| Muhamad H. N. Aziz, Radostin D. Simitev (2022) Estimation of Parameters for an Archetypal Model of Cardiomyocyte Membrane Potentials, Int J Bioautomation, 26 (3), 255-272, doi: 10.7546/ijba.2022.26.3.000832 | |
| Abstract: Contemporary realistic mathematical models of single-cell cardiac electrical excitation are immensely detailed. Model complexity leads to parameter uncertainty, high computational cost and barriers to mechanistic understanding. There is a need for reduced models that are conceptually and mathematically simple but physiologically accurate. To this end, we consider an archetypal model of single-cell cardiac excitation that replicates the phase-space geometry of detailed cardiac models, but at the same time has a simple piecewise-linear form and a relatively low-dimensional configuration space. In order to make this archetypal model practically applicable, we develop and report a robust method for estimation of its parameter values from the morphology of single-stimulus action potentials derived from detailed ionic current models and from experimental myocyte measurements. The procedure is applied to five significant test cases and an excellent agreement with target biomarkers is achieved. Action potential duration restitution curves are also computed and compared to those of the target test models and data, demonstrating conservation of dynamical pacing behaviour by the fine-tuned archetypal model. An archetypal model that accurately reproduces a variety of wet-lab and synthetic electrophysiology data offers a number of specific advantages such as computational efficiency, as also demonstrated in the study. Open-source numerical code of the models and methods used is provided.
Keywords: Mathematical model, Cardiac action potential, Electrophysiology, Parameter estimation | |
| A Novel Machine Learning Approach for Detection of Coronary Artery Disease Using Reduced Non-linear and Chaos Features | 273-296 |
| Ram Sewak Singh, Demissie Jobir Gelmecha, Satyasis Mishra, Gemechu Dengia, Devendra Kumar Sinha | |
| doi: 10.7546/ijba.2022.26.3.000786 | |
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| Ram Sewak Singh, Demissie Jobir Gelmecha, Satyasis Mishra, Gemechu Dengia, Devendra Kumar Sinha (2022) A Novel Machine Learning Approach for Detection of Coronary Artery Disease Using Reduced Non-linear and Chaos Features, Int J Bioautomation, 26 (3), 273-296, doi: 10.7546/ijba.2022.26.3.000786 | |
| Abstract: In this research paper, authors present an automated system in this paper that integrates a ranking technique with Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Generalized Discriminant Analysis (GDA) and a 1-Norm Bidirectional Extreme Learning Machine (1-NBELM) to reliably classify normal and coronary artery disease groups. Twenty chaotic and non-linear attributes were hauling out from the Heart Rate Variability (HRV) signal to detect coronary artery disease groups. The HRV data for this study derived from a typical database of Normal Old (ELY), Young (YNG), and Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) people. Fisher, Wilcoxon and Bhattacharya were used to compute the rankings of attributes. GDA then turned the ranking features into a new feature. The Radial Basis Function (RBF) kernel was used to transfer original features to a high-dimensional feature space in GDA and PCA, and then it was deployed to 1-NBELM, which utilized the sigmoidal or multiquadric non-linear activation. Numerical experiments were performed on the combination of database sets as Young-ELY, Healthy-CAD, and Healthy ELY-CAD subjects. The numerical results show that ROC with GDA and 1-NBELM approach achieved an accuracy of 98.12±0.14, 96.21±0.12 and 99.87±0.28 for Young-CAD, Young-ELY and Healthy ELY-CAD groups with the use of sigmoidal and multiquadric activation function. The Fisher with GDA and 1-NBELM and Bhattacharya with GDA and 1-Norm Extreme Learning Machine (1-NELM) approach achieved an accuracy of 99.98±0.21 for all databases.
Keywords: 1-Norm extreme learning machine (1-NELM), Generalized discriminant analysis (GDA), Ranking methods, Chaos and non-linear features | |
| Computational Evaluation of Designed Phosphatase from Conserved Sequence Scratch for Diverse Substrate Specificity | 297-310 |
| Paulchamy Chellapandi, Jayachandrabal Balachandramohan | |
| doi: 10.7546/ijba.2022.26.3.000553 | |
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| Paulchamy Chellapandi, Jayachandrabal Balachandramohan (2022) Computational Evaluation of Designed Phosphatase from Conserved Sequence Scratch for Diverse Substrate Specificity, Int J Bioautomation, 26 (3), 297-310, doi: 10.7546/ijba.2022.26.3.000553 | |
| Abstract: The ability to design efficient enzymes for a broad class of different reactions would be of tremendous practical interest in both science and industry. Computer-assisted designing is a novel approach to generating industrial enzymes for biotechnological applications. Objectives: The main aim of this study was to design an enzyme construct with diverse substrate-binding specificity based on the evolutionary conservation of archaeal vanadium-dependent phosphatases. Materials and methods: A rational 3D structural model of enzyme construct was developed from conserved sequence scratch encompassing a vanadium-binding site and functional domain. Substrate-binding specificity of the designed enzyme was computed with different myo-inositol polyphosphate analogous by a molecular docking program. Results: A designed enzyme has shown more substrate-binding specificity with 1D-myo-inositol 3, 4, 5, 6-tetrakisphosphate. Its catalytic function closely resembled myo-inositol polyphosphate-5-phosphatase and multiple inositol polyphosphate phosphatases. Moreover, the enzyme construct was energetically stable with a low degree of conformational changes upon substrate-binding. Conclusion: Substrate specificity and catalytic competence of designed enzymes were computationally evaluated for further biotechnological applications.
Keywords: Molecular docking, Phosphatase, Archaea, Phytase, Molecular evolution, Enzyme design |
Sponsored by National Science Fund of Bulgaria, Grant No KP-06-NP3-37, 2022
© 2022, BAS, Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering